What is an HVAC System and How Does it Work?

What is an HVAC System and How Does it Work?

HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning, and an HVAC system is a type of mechanical system used to regulate the temperature, humidity, and air quality in indoor environments. HVAC systems are commonly found in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings and are essential for maintaining a comfortable and healthy living or working environment.

The heating component of an HVAC system typically involves a strip heater that generates heat, which is distributed through ductwork throughout the building. The ventilation component involves the exchange of indoor and outdoor air to maintain a healthy indoor air quality by removing pollutants, and controlling humidity levels. The air conditioning component involves cooling the indoor air and removing excess moisture to create a comfortable environment during hot and humid weather.

Main component of HVAC System summarized below -

Air Handling unit -

An Air Handling Unit (AHU) is a device used to circulate air. AHUs typically consist of a blower, heating or cooling elements, filters, dampers. The AHU pulls in outdoor air and recirculates indoor air through the HVAC system, removing heat, humidity, and pollutants in the process.

Duct work -

Ductwork is a key component of HVAC systems that helps to distribute heated or cooled air throughout a building. It used to transfer air from the heating, ventilation, or air conditioning equipment to different rooms or areas within a building.

Dampers and air distribution products -

Dampers and air distribution products are important for controlling the flow of air and directing it to where it is needed.

Chiller / Vapor absorption machine -

A chiller / VAM is a component of an HVAC system that is used to cool water that are then used to cool the air in a building. The chiller works by removing heat from the fluid through a process of evaporation/absorption and condensation.

Cooling Tower -

A cooling tower is a device used to remove heat from water that is used to cool the refrigerant of the chiller. The tower works by evaporating a small portion of the water to remove the heat, which then cools the remaining water.

Pumps -

A pump is an essential component of an HVAC system that is used to circulate fluids through the system. The pump helps to move the fluid from one component to another, such as from the chiller to the air handler or from the cooling tower to the heat exchanger.